dong's profileThinking ...PhotosBlogLists Tools Help

Blog


    春节快乐

    买车票记

    昨晚回去后被鼓动去买车票,拉拢保研男一起去,但是没拉得动。只好自己去,都12点了。路上司机提醒我带上伞,说今天有雨雪,---不幸的开始。
    到了后才知到晚上是不卖车票的。要等到7点才开始。要等近7个小时。。看了几个事先准备的短篇小说(寝室里的厕所文学),发现还不错。只是又冷又饿。
    就这样数着时间一分钟一分钟数到了7点,又拖延到7:30。
    数完前面的人,终于到我了,我把搜索车票的条件都宽松成只要有去 那里 车票都要了,还是没有。
    最后去卖汽车票了。买完等公交回来的时候看到路边有个售票点,空空的样子。

    Maple 精细做图

    今天帮人做了个Maple的图,要求很苛刻,查阅很多资料后才发现Maple对图的Label还是可以很个性化得控制的,比如字号字体,标记的位置。。
    plot的option里有很多很多的个性化做图选项。仔细读了一遍发现确实很强大。
    这是一个很有用的资料:

    二维作图指令是:plot(f, h, v,...) 作函数f的图象,h为自变量范围,v为函数值范围, 为选项

    选项 设置格式 取值范围 说明
    adaptive adaptive= true 还有false 自适应,取消
    axes axes=normal frame, boxed,

    normal, none

    坐标设置,四种
    axesfont axesfont=[family,style,size] 参看plot,options 设置刻度线标号字形
    color color=n 参看plot,color 设置图象颜色
    coords coords=name polar(坐标),参看plot[coords] 选择作图所用坐标
    discont discont=false 还有true 是否在间断点用垂直线连接
    filled filled=false 还有true 是否在图象和x之间填充
    font font=[family,style,size] 参看plot,options 设置图象中文字部分的字形
    labels labels=[x,y]   标记坐标
    labeldirections labeldirections=[x,y] horizontal, vertical 设置坐标的方向
    labelfont labelfont=[family,style,size]   设置坐标标记的字形
    legend legend=s s是元素与曲线条数相同的表 假如图例
    linestyle linestyle=1 1-4对应实线、点线、虚线和点划线 设置图象线的类型
    numpoints numpoints=50 正整数 设置作图区间的分点数
    resolution resolution=200 正整数 设置图象的水平分辨率
    sample sample=[x1,..,xk] 自变量的取值 选定作图是必须取得点
    scaling scaling=unconstrained constrained (1) xy单位的比
    style style=line point,

    参看plot,options

    设置图象点之间的连接方式
    symbol symbol=point box, cross, circle 设置图象中点的类型
    symbolsize symbolsize=10 正整数,

    单位:吋/72

    设置图象中点的大小
    thickness thickness=0 1, 2, 3 设置图象中线的厚度
    tickmarks tickmarks=[m,n] 正整数或default 设置图象中坐标标号个数
    title title=”…\n…” \n用作题目中的换行 作图象标题
    titlefont titlefont[family,style,size] 参看plot,options 设置图象标题文字字形
    view view=[x1..x2, y1..y2]   设置图象坐标选取范围
    xtickmarks xtickmarks=n 正整数 设置横坐标标号个数

    这是Maple12 help文档里面对做图函数plot的option选项的详细说明:

    Options
    adaptive=n or truefalse
    When plotting a function over an interval, the interval is sampled at a number of points, controlled by sample and numpoints. Adaptive plotting, where necessary, subdivides these intervals to attempt to get a better representation of the function. This subsampling can be turned off by setting the adaptive option to false. By default, this option is set to true, and intervals are subdivided at most 6 times in trying to improve the plot. By setting this option to a non-negative integer, you can control the maximum number of times that subintervals are divided.
    axes=f
    Specifies the type of axes, one of: boxed, frame, none, or normal.
    axesfont=l
    Font for the labels on the tick marks of the axes, specified in the same manner as font.
    axis=t or axis[dir]=t
    Specifies information about the x-axis and y-axis. The first form axis=t applies the information given in t to both axes. The second form allows the information to be specified for a single axis, with dir taking the value 1 (x-axis) or 2 (y-axis). For details, see plot/axis.
    axiscoordinates=t
    The coordinate system used for display of the axes. The value t can be either polar or cartesian. By default, Cartesian axes are displayed. If t is polar, then radial and angular axes are generated. This option is used together with the coords=polar option.
    Note: This option is only available in the Standard interface. In the Classic interface, the coordinates are always cartesian.
    caption=c
    The caption for the plot. The value c can be an arbitrary expression. For information on how to specify c, see plot/typesetting. The value c can also be a list consisting of the caption followed by the font option. The default is no caption.
    color=n or colour=n
    Allows the user to specify the color of the curves to be plotted. For details, see plot/color.
    coords=cname
    The coordinate system. The value cname is one of the choices listed on the coords help page. For more information about using this option, see plot/coords. By default, Cartesian axes are displayed. To generate polar axes with polar plots, use the axiscoordinates=polar option along with the coords=polar option.
    discont=truefalse
    Setting discont to true forces plot to call the function discont first to determine the discontinuities of the input (or fdiscont if discont fails or if the input is not an expression) and then break the horizontal axis into appropriate intervals where the expression is either continuous or contains only removable discontinuities. The default value for discont is false.
    filled=truefalse
    If the filled option is set to true, the area between the curve and the x-axis is given a solid color.
    filledregions=truefalse
    If the filledregions option is set to true, the regions defined by the curves are filled with different colours. This option is valid only with the following commands: contourplot, implicitplot, and listcontplot.
    font=l
    This option defines the font for text objects in the plot where the value l is a list [family, style, size]. The value of family is one of TIMES, COURIER, HELVETICA, or SYMBOL. Values must be in uppercase.
    For the TIMES family, style can be one of ROMAN, BOLD, ITALIC, or BOLDITALIC.
    For the HELVETICA and COURIER families, style can be omitted or you can select one of BOLD, OBLIQUE, or BOLDOBLIQUE.
    The SYMBOL family does not accept a style option. The final value, size, is the point size to be used.
    gridlines=truefalse
    When gridlines=true or gridlines is provided, default gridlines are drawn. The default is gridlines=false.
    For greater gridline control, use the axis option. If the axis option is also provided and contains a gridlines suboption, then that option overrides this gridlines option.
    labels=[x, y]
    This option specifies labels for the axes. For information on how to specify x and y, see plot/typesetting. The default labels are the names of the variables in the original function to be plotted, if these are available; otherwise, no labels are used.
    labeldirections=[x, y]
    This option specifies the direction in which labels are printed along the axes. The values of x and y must be horizontal or vertical. The default direction of any labels is horizontal.
    labelfont=l
    Font for the labels on the axes of the plot, specified in the same manner as font.
    legend=s
    Legend entry for a plot. For information on how to specify s, see plot/typesetting. If the plot command is being used to plot multiple curves, then s can be a list containing a legend entry for each curve. Note that a set cannot be used as it does not preserve the order of the legend entries.
    legendstyle=s
    Legend style for a plot. The value s is a list consisting of one or more suboptions. The suboptions available for the legendstyle option include font=f and location=loc. For information on how to specify the font, see the entry for the font option. The location=loc suboption allows values top, bottom, right and left for loc.
    linestyle=t
    Controls the line style of curves. The linestyle value t can be one of the following names: solid, dot, dash, dashdot, longdash, spacedash, spacedot. The default value of t is solid. The value t can also be an integer from 1 to 7, where each integer represents a line style, as given in the order above.
    numpoints=n
    Specifies the minimum number of points to be generated. The default is 50. Note: plot employs an adaptive plotting scheme which automatically does more work where the function values do not lie close to a straight line. Hence, plot often generates more than the minimum number of points.
    resolution=n
    Sets the horizontal display resolution of the device in pixels (the default is n = 200). The value of n is used to determine when the adaptive plotting scheme terminates. A higher value results in more function evaluations for non-smooth functions.
    sample=[l]
    A list of values which is to be used for the initial sampling of the function(s). When coupled with adaptive=false, this option allows explicit control over the function evaluations performed by plot.
    scaling=s
    Controls the scaling of the graph as constrained or unconstrained. The default value is unconstrained.
    style=s
    The plot style must be one of line, point, polygon (patchnogrid), or polygonoutline (patch). The names in parentheses are aliases for the option values. The styles line, polygon, and polygonoutline all draw curves by interpolating between the sample points. The point style results in a plot of the points only. The default style, polygonoutline, draws any polygons as filled with an outline. The polygon style shows the polygons with no outline, whereas line draws the polygons as outlines only.
    symbol=s
    Symbol for points in the plot, where the value s is one of asterisk, box, circle, cross, diagonalcross, diamond, point, solidbox, solidcircle, soliddiamond.
    symbolsize=n
    The size (in points) of a symbol used in plotting can be given by a positive integer. This does not affect the symbol POINT. The default symbol size is 10.
    thickness=n
    This option specifies the thickness of lines in the plot. The thickness n must be a non-negative integer. The default thickness is 0.
    tickmarks=[m, n]
    The values m and n specify the tickmark placement for the x-axis and y-axis respectively and can take one of the following forms: an integer specifying the number of tickmarks, a list of values specifying locations, a list of equations each having the form location=label, or a spacing structure. For more details, see plot/tickmarks.
    For greater control over the appearance of tickmarks, use the axis option. If the axis option is also provided and contains a tickmarks suboption, then that option overrides this tickmarks option.
    title=t
    The title for the plot. The value t can be an arbitrary expression. For information on how to specify t, see plot/typesetting. The value t can also be a list consisting of the title followed by the font option. The default is no title.
    titlefont=l
    Font for the title of the plot, specified in the same manner as font.
    transparency=t
    This option specifies the transparency of the plot surface. The transparency t must evaluate to a floating-point number in the range 0 to 1. A value of 0 means ``not transparent'' while a value of 1 means ``fully transparent.''
    view=[xmin..xmax, ymin..ymax]
    This option indicates the minimum and maximum coordinates of the curve to be displayed on the screen. The default is the entire curve.
    Notes
    If the same option is provided more than once, with different values, then the final value specified is generally the one used.
    The options described above are all available for the Standard Worksheet interface. If you are using a different interface, see the plot/interface help page.